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title : Types of Arches With Specification and Definition By Engineers
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Types of Arches With Specification and Definition By Engineers

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Definition: Arch is a mechanical arrangement of wedge shaped blocks mutually supporting each other forming an opening and resting on tow ends over columns or walls.

- A curved symmetrical structure spanning an opening and typically supported the weight of a bridge, roof or wall above it.

Technical Terms of an Arch:

i.                     Voussoirs

ii.                   Skew back

iii.                  Soffit

iv.                 Key stone

v.                   Intrados

vi.                 Extrados

vii.                Back

viii.              Crown

ix.                 Spandril

x.                   Springing line

xi.                 Arch ring

xii.                Pier

xiii.              Springing point

xiv.              Springer

xv.               Abutment

xvi.              Hunch

xvii.            Span

xviii.           Rise

xix.              Depth or height.

Types of Arches:

A.      According to Shape

B.      According to Number of Centre

C.      According to Materials of Construction

According to Shape Arches can be divided into 12 Categories.

1.       Segmental Arch

2.       Semi-circular Arch

3.       Horsh-shoe Arch

4.       Pointed Arch

5.       Venetian Arch

6.       Florentine Arch

7.       Relieving Arch

8.       Stilted Arch

9.       Semi-Elliptical Arch

10.   Inverted Arch

11.   Flat Arch

12.   Dutch or French Arch.

According to Numbers of Centre Arch can be divided into 4 Types.

1.       One-centred Arch

2.       Two-centred Arch

3.       Three-centred Arch

4.       Four-centred Arch.

According to Materials of Construction Arch can be divided into 3 Types.

1.       Brick Arch

2.       Stone Arch

3.       Concrete Arch.

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